Digital Data Communications LEVEL ONE FCS-4500 Instrukcja Użytkownika Pobierz pdf (Strona 13)

PCM system - Typical parameters

4 KHz Speech signal

8 KHz Sampling

8 bits / sample digitising

per speech channel 8 x 8 bits = 64 kbps

T1 carrier: 24 channels. 8 bits in 125 µs / channel

24 x 8 = 192 bits in 125 µs / frame, 1 bit per frame for sync

193 bits in 125 µs, Line rate 193/125 µsec = 1.544 Mbps

ITU ( EUROPEAN)

32 Channels 8 bits/ 125 µss / channel

32 X 8 bits / 125 µs = 2.048 Mbps

30 channels info; 2 channels management

Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 13

1 2 ... 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 ... 138 139

Digital Communication 1
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 4 4
Analog Digital PCM TDM 5
Digital Analog Modems 5
Digital Digital ISDN, LANs 5
Signal sampling 6
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 7 7
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 8 8
Low pass 10
Quantisation errors 11
Quantisation error in PCM 12
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 13 13
Mid-riser quantizer 14
Mid-tread quantizer 14
A/Amax (dB) 15
Non-linear AD conversion 16
Input sample values 16
Compression law - µ law 17
Compression law - A law 18
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 19 19
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 20 20
DPCM implementation 21
Delta modulation 22
Slope over load 23
Granular noise 23
Low Data Rate Modulation 24
Conceptual view of ISDN 25
ISDN principles 27
Principles of ISDN (Cont.) 28
ISDN evolution 29
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 6 30
ISDN services: Attributes 31
ISDN service classification 32
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 9 33
Functional grouping 35
Network functional principles 36
Access channel and rate 37
Bearer services 38
(a) Point-to-point 39
<1 km 39
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 16 40
NT1 star 41
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 18 42
Layer 1 functions 43
ISDN Layer 2 44
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 24 48
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 32 56
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 33 57
Call clearing messages 58
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 39 63
Communication Systems 72
History of Switching 73
SWITCHES 74
Switching system topology 75
Signals in Switching Systems 76
Tasks of a Switch 77
Call processing in a Switch 78
SLOT ALLOTTED #1 79
SLOT ALLOTTED TO #6 79
Switching System Operations 80
Analogue Switch Features 82
A generic N by N switch 83
Space division switch 84
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 14 85
SWITCH CONTROL SYSTEM 86
Time slot interchange 87
PCM INPUT BUS 88
INFORMATION MEMORY 88
CONTROL MEMORY 88
TDM Bus switch 89
Time-space-time Switch 90
Space-time-space switch 91
Overview 92
• Voice Grade Modems 93
• Digital Subscriber Line 95
HDSL and SDSL 96
ADSL // RADSL 97
Bandwidth Requirements 98
Distance is from Central 99
Office or RT (repeater 99
• Asymmetric data streams 100
DSL basics (contd 1) 102
DSL basics (contd 2) 103
Existing 104
ADSL reach 106
Frequency Spectrum 109
Modulation Techniques (ADSL) 110
Competing Technologies 112
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 1 114
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 2 115
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 3 116
Terminal Call 117
Processing 117
Exchange Call 117
Layer 3 118
Functions 118
Layer 2 119
Function of other layers 120
Protocol reference model I 121
Basic Call Control 122
Layer 1 Functions 123
Q931 message types 124
Messages 125
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 10 126
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 11 127
Call clearing 128
Frame format in ISDN layer 2 129
LAPD format 130
LAPD commands and responses 131
Unnumbered format 132
(a) SAPI Assignments 133
(b) TEI Assignments 133
TEI Value User Type 133
TEI and SAPI assignment 134
Bipolar-AMI 135
Physical connector in ISDN 136
The U interface 137
U interface circuit 138
Jamadagni H S DC/V1/2004 23 139

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